| Title: Masthead |
| File: Masthead_V4I3_2022 |
| Title: Decolonizing Time in Post-Secondary Classrooms |
| Volume: 4 |
| Issue: 3 |
| Abstract: N/A. |
| Pages: 1-17 |
| Keywords: Decolonizing, Post-secondary, Education, Indigenous, Aboriginal |
| Authors: Laureen Blu Waters, Randy Pitawanakwat, & Darcey Dachyshyn |
| File: Waters et al. |
| DOI: https://doi.org/10.54127/ONVW2411 |
| Title: Negative Emotional States, Satisfaction with Life, and Romantic Relationships in Young Adult Gamers and non- Gamers: An Exploratory Study |
| Volume: 4 |
| Issue: 3 |
| Abstract: Objectives: A body of research is clarifying the complexity of the effects of online gaming on the lives of gamers. We explored self-reported negative emotional states, satisfaction with life, and relationship satisfaction in a sample of young adults. Methods: We recruited 165 student participants (70.9% female; Mage = 24.24, SD = 6.15) who completed an online survey. Two-way ANCOVAs were used to assess the relationships between online gaming, gender and the measures of negative emotional states, satisfaction with life, and relationship satisfaction. Results: No effects of gaming on relationship satisfaction were evident. However, gaming was positively related to satisfaction with life. In contrast, when negative emotional states were examined, female gamers had higher levels of depression, anxiety, and stress than both non-gamers and male gamers. Conclusion and Implications: This highlights the complexities of the effects of gaming and that gaming itself should not be pathologized. The interactions evident in female gamers require further investigation, with the results supporting the notion that in some cohorts pre-existing characteristics of gamers might be a factor, as could how female gamers engage with online gaming environments. Further, the distinction between cognitive judgmental measures of satisfaction with life and negative emotional states was reiterated. |
| Pages: 18-35 |
| Keywords: Gaming, Satisfaction with Life, Negative Emotional States, Romantic Relationships, Young Adults |
| Authors: Jason Landon, Daniel Shepherd, Sonja Goedeke & Muyuan Li |
| File: Landon-et-al. |
| DOI: https://doi.org/10.54127/XJEL9569 |
| Title: Examining Perceptions of Sextortion in the General Population |
| Volume: 4 |
| Issue: 3 |
| Abstract: The non-consensual sharing of sexual images of another (or threats thereof) represents an increasingly important and pervasive issue in forensic psychology. However, despite recent legislative developments within the United Kingdom, there still exists a need for greater understanding of perceptions within the general public of the dangers and manifestations of image-based sexual abuse and the process by which people are being (s)extorted using their private images. Ten participants (Mage = 24.8 years; SD = 9.33; 70% female) took part in semi- structured interviews which were analysed using an inductive thematic analytic approach, wherein the themes of [1] Education as a Prevention against Image Based Sexual Abuse, [2] Victim Blaming Prevalence in Society, [3] Stereotypes about Victim and Perpetrator, and [4] Low Priority for Criminal Justice were explored. Taken together, data suggests that although there exists a ‘working knowledge’ of image-based sexual abuse, the concept of sextortion is understood to a lesser extent with clear implications for the need for educational policies to better inform younger members of society of associated dangers and legalities. |
| Pages: 36-52 |
| Keywords: Sextortion; Image-Based Sexual Abuse; Revenge Pornography; Thematic Analysis |
| Authors: Anisha Gohil & Dean Fido |
| File: Gohil & Fido |
| DOI: https://doi.org/10.54127/MZFS6009 |
| Title: The Changing Face of Gender-Based Cyber Violence during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Unmasking Virtual Identities |
| Volume: 4 |
| Issue: 3 |
| Abstract: In early 2020, the outbreak of the novel coronavirus that causes COVID- 19 spread across the globe, resulting in the World Health Organization classifying it as a pandemic and declaring a state of emergency. In response, many governments enforced lockdowns and implemented social distancing regulations to mitigate the risk of spreading of the virus. The intersection of the pandemic with the lack of gender-based emergency intervention strategies has endangered women and girls from two conflicting sites. They are confined at home, vulnerable to experiences of intimate and gender-based violence with limited available services to ensure their safety. This “shadow pandemic” has further increased gender-based cyber violence (G-BCV) where cyber perpetrators hide behind virtual identities to benefit from patterns of power and privilege, sexism and misogyny, racism, classism, and homophobia embedded in cyberpower. The magnitude of G-BCV is multifaceted in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis. We advocate for coordinated prevention and intervention strategies during public health emergencies in order to tackle and mitigate G-BCV risks. |
| Pages: 52-64 |
| Keywords: COVID-19 Pandemic, Gender-Based Cyber Violence, Virtual Identity, CyberPower, Gender-Based Violence |
| Authors: Soheila Pashang & Nazilla Khanlou |
| File: Pashang_& Khanlou |
| DOI: https://doi.org/10.54127/PJRG6846 |
| Title: Validation of the Persian version of the Instagram Addiction Scale among Iranian students. |
| Volume: 4 |
| Issue: 3 |
| Abstract: Background: The increasing use of social networking sites (SNSs) globally has brought about significant changes in individuals’ daily lives and interpersonal relationships. Instagram is one of the most popular SNSs and has played an important role in these changes. While most individuals’ use of Instagram has beneficial effects, there have been some studies suggesting that Instagram use can be addictive for a small minority of users. Therefore, valid and reliable tools are needed to investigate this phenomenon. Method: The present study tested the psychometric properties of the 15-item Persian version of the Instagram Addiction Scale (IAS) among Iranian students. Confirmatory factor analysis and convergent validity were used to evaluate scale validity, and Cronbach’s alpha and test- retest methods were used to evaluate the reliability. The sample comprised 660 students, including 476 women (72.1%) and 184 men (27.9%). The mean age of the total sample was 23.7 years. Results: Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were 0.87 for the whole scale, 0.74 for the social effect subscale and 0.84 for the compulsion subscale. Correlation coefficients obtained from divergent validity with psychological well-being and life satisfaction scales were significant. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the Persian IAS is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing the risk of Instagram addiction among Iranian students. |
| Pages: 53-70 |
| Keywords: Social Media Use, Social Networking Sites, Social Media Addiction, Instagram Addiction, Iranian Students |
| Authors: Sayed Ali Sharifi Fard, Mark D. Griffiths, Golnaz Ali Babaei, Safdar Nabi Zadeh & Amir Hossein Majidi |
| File: Sayed-Ali-Sharifi-Fard-et-al |
| DOI: https://doi.org/10.54127/ZAWA9276 |
| Title: On the Forbidden Front: Russian University Student Thoughts about Cannabis for Medical Conditions |
| Volume: 4 |
| Issue: 3 |
| Abstract: Objective: To study Russian university students’ thoughts about using cannabis for medical conditions where it is prohibited by government policy. Methods: This cross-sectional study used data collected from 828 professional students (e.g., medicine, psychology, and social work) at two Russian universities (2019/2020 academic year). They were administered a 32-item questionnaire measuring knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about medical and non-medical cannabis. Demographic variables used in this study included age, gender, religion, religiosity level, and academic study area. Results: A majority of the students (76%) did not express support for using cannabis for medical purposes; 87.5% reported they lacked knowledge and education about the substance; and a majority believed it was not effective for treating medical conditions. Academic discipline, religiously, recreational cannabis use and support for cannabis legalization were key factors associated with students’ thoughts and knowledge about medical cannabis use. Conclusions: This is the first study on university students’ views on medical cannabis to be conducted in Russia. The results have possible implications for policy, education, and health intervention purposes in Russia, and elsewhere where cannabis is prohibited. |
| Pages: 71-82 |
| Keywords: Cannabis; Medical Cannabis; University Students; Knowledge and Beliefs, Russia |
| Authors: Vsevolod Konstantinov, Valentina Gritsenko, Tatyana Marinova, Elena Vorobeva & Irina Shilina |
| File: Konstantinov-et-al |
| DOI: https://doi.org/10.54127/RTZZ2107 |
| Title: The Development and Validation of the Successful Psychopathy Scale [Protocol] |
| Volume: 4 |
| Issue: 3 |
| Abstract: The personality construct known as ‘Successful Psychopathy’ has attracted the interests of researchers and clinicians alike. The concept suggests an individual who demonstrates the core traits associated with psychopathy but is able to adapt and function within society to prototypical or superior standards. There has yet to be a sound theoretical model of this construct by which to base a psychometric measure. This protocol presents the ethical procedure that will endeavour to create such a measure and validate it within general population samples. |
| Pages: 83-92 |
| Keywords: Psychopathy, Successful Psychopathy, Scale Development |
| Authors: Louise Wallace, Oleg Medvedev, Dean Fido, Alexander L. Sumich & Nadja Heym |
| File: Wallace et al. |
| DOI: https://doi.org/10.54127/JKRL8805 |
| Title: Sex Offenders vs. People with Sexual Offences: Putting the Person Before the Offence |
| Volume: 4 |
| Issue: 3 |
| Abstract: Recent statistics outlined within the Crime Survey for England and Wales estimated that 773,000 adults were victims of sexual assault between 2019 and 2020. Owing to such prevalence, research into perpetrators of sexual offences and how they are perceived within the general population is vital. The present study explored whether the label assigned to said perpetrators (‘sex offenders’ or ‘persons with sexual offences’) would alter public perceptions of this offender group, whilst controlling for participant age and enjoyment of sadomasochistic sexual acts. Moreover, the personality traits of openness and neuroticism were modelled as potential moderating factors. A total of 186 participants completed an online questionnaire containing measures for perceptions of sexual offenders, engagement in sadomasochistic sexual activities, openness and neuroticism, prior to data being analysed through correlation and moderation analyses. Of interest, the label assigned to people with sexual offences had no significant relationship with public perceptions. Moreover, neither enjoyment of sexual sadomasochism nor participant age were significantly related to perception data, and neither openness nor neuroticism moderated said relationships. Therefore, it was concluded that public perceptions of people with sexual offences might be more deeply rooted in society than was originally thought, indicating that the key to improving public perceptions of sexual offenders, and therefore improving their chances of reintegration into society, lies in educating the public in order to reduce the misconceptions surrounding the dangers posed by those who have committed sexual offences. |
| Pages: 93-108 |
| Keywords: Psychopathy, Successful Psychopathy, Scale Development |
| Authors: Nichola Snape & Dean Fido |
| File: Snape & Fido |
| DOI: https://doi.org/10.54127/WASD7451 |
| Title: The Effect of Self-Compassion on Job Burnout and Hours Worked in Employees’ Working from Home |
| Volume: 4 |
| Issue: 3 |
| Abstract: Working from home (WFH) has been associated with increased levels of job burnout; a psycho-physiological outcome of experiencing intense or extended periods of work-related stress. Individuals with higher levels of self- compassion have been shown to mitigate the effects of stress by reducing the negative affect associated with stressful situations. The objective of this study was to analyse the effect of self-compassion on job burnout and number of working hours in full time employees WFH. Fifty-eight full time WFH participants (37 females, 21 males; age M = 34, SD = 8 years) completed online self-report questionnaires. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that SC did not predict job burnout and number of working hours for this sample of WFH employees. The obtained evidence suggests that self-compassion was not enough to mitigate job burnout or number of working hours, therefore employers should not rely on employees to manage workloads and hours effectively but assist in developing schedules to reduce the negative impact of job burnout on their mental health. |
| Pages: 109-114 |
| Keywords: Self-compassion; Job Burnout; Working From Home; Work Mental Health; COVID-19 |
| Authors: Matthew Cotterill, Yasuhiro Kotera, & Gulcan Garip |
| File: Matthew-Cotterill-et-al. |
| DOI: https://doi.org/10.54127/GRNJ6778 |