| Title: Masthead |
| File: Masthead_V6I2_2024 |
| Title: Effect of need for approval on Instagram posting on mental health via body-image |
| Volume: 6 |
| Issue: 2 |
| Abstract: Objective: Influence of social media use on desire for thinness and body image has garnered attention; however, no study has examined the relationship between need for approval and distortions in body image. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the relationship between the need for approval on Instagram posting, body image, and mental health. Methods: A Need for Approval Scale on Instagram Posting was developed. Subsequently, the questionnaire was administered to 154 female university students who had used Instagram. Results: Higher praise seeking on Instagram posts enhanced body image distortion and decreased mental health. When individuals wanted to present themselves as attractive on Instagram, they paid more attention to their dissatisfaction with their appearance. Additionally, owing to its characteristics, those with a high desire to avoid rejection might not use social networking service, such as Instagram. Conclusion and Implication: This study suggests the necessity of examining how the need for approval on Instagram affects body image and reduces mental health. Furthermore, how internalization of a thin ideal may lead to higher desires for thinness and body image distortion should also be investigated. |
| Pages: 1-14 |
| Keywords: Instagram, Body-image, Mental Health, Need for Approval. |
| Authors: Rin Kamijo & Kenichi Asano |
| File: Kamijo & Asano |
| DOI: doi.org/10.54127/RRHT3036 |
| Title: “The Higher You Go the Whiter It Gets”: Experiences of Black Healthcare Providers and Users in Canadian Healthcare System |
| Volume: 6 |
| Issue: 2 |
| Abstract: Black people encounter enormous challenges in their communities and human service institutions. Consequently, this study examines the experience of Black Healthcare Providers (BHPs) and Black Healthcare Users (BHUs) in the Canadian healthcare system. The study addresses two questions: a) what are the experiences of BHPs and BHUs in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA); b) How do BHPs and BHUs navigate issues of diversity and racism within the Canadian healthcare system? Using purposive and snowball sampling techniques, the study recruited 20 BHUs and 10 BHPs within GTA to assess their experiences within the healthcare system. The information obtained through in-depth interviews was analyzed using coding, thematization and inferences drawn from the literature. The study findings suggest that BHUs feel a lack of connection with the mainstream healthcare system due to poor communication and cultural incompetence. Resultantly, BHUs gravitate toward BHPs because of mistrust of the Canadian healthcare system, feeling undervalued and extra care received from BHPs etc. The study further noted the presence of anti-Black racism in the healthcare system and, therefore, recommends mandatory anti-Black racism training for healthcare practitioners and administrators and a comprehensive policy to tackle anti-Black racism in the healthcare system. Hospital administrators should strive to improve inequity in the system by hiring more racialized people to improve equity, diversity and inclusion in the healthcare system |
| Pages: 15-39 |
| Keywords: Black Healthcare Providers, Medical Violence, Equity, Diversity, Inclusion. |
| Authors: Suleyman M. Demi, Suzanne R. Sicchia, George J.S. Dei, Liben Gebremikael, Tameika Shaw, & Abel Gebreyesus |
| File: Demi et al. |
| DOI: doi.org/10.54127/YMIP1887 |
| Title: Problematic social networking site use in Turkey: A large-scale national survey study |
| Volume: 6 |
| Issue: 2 |
| Abstract: The current research landscape has witnessed a marked increase in investigations concerning problematic social networking site use (PSNSU). However, prior studies exploring the prevalence and determinants of PSNSU have predominantly relied on limited and diverse participant samples. To address this gap, the present study examined the measurement dimensions and psychological correlates – namely psychiatric distress, alexithymia, attachment, and wellbeing – of PSNSU within a large number of Turkish community individuals (N=24,380,50% men, Mage=31.79 years, SD=10.86). Participants completed a survey comprising psychometric scales regarding the aforementioned variables. Utilizing item response theory, 2.8% of the participants were found to exhibit susceptibility to PSNSU. Hierarchical regression analysis showed significant positive associations between PSNSU and factors including younger age, single marital status, alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, psychiatric distress, affective states, and attachment styles. These findings underscore the importance of research regarding PSNSU among individuals in the Turkish community and highlights the involvement of various socio-demographic and adverse psychological factors in driving this problematic behavior. |
| Pages: 40-58 |
| Keywords: Social Media, Addiction, Social Networking, Psychiatric Distress, Attachment, Affect. |
| Authors: Hüseyin Ünübol, Gökben Hızlı Sayar, Zaheer Hussain, Mustafa Savcı, Kagan Kircaburun, & Mark D. Griffiths |
| File: Ünübol et al. |
| DOI: https://doi.org/10.54127/GMQZ8433 |
| Title: The Perfectionistic Self-Presentation Failure Scale: Psychometric Properties and Associations with Depression and Social Anxiety |
| Keywords: Perfectionism, Perfectionistic Self-presentation, Students, Failure, Depression, Social Anxiety, Assessment, Treatment. |
| Volume: 6 |
| Issue: 2 |
| Abstract: Objectives: The current article introduces a new measure designed to assess self-appraisals of the ability to present oneself as perfect. We discuss some recent findings involving perfectionistic self-presentation and then describe a new measure titled the Perfectionistic Self-Presentation Failure Scale. Methods: Research is described with a sample of 140 university students who completed our new measure along with the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, the Perfectionistic Self-Presentation Scale, and measures of depression and social anxiety. Results: Psychometric analyses confirmed the presence of reliable and meaningful individual differences in self-appraisals of the ability or capability to portray oneself as perfect and limit mistakes made in public. Correlational analyses established that perfectionistic self-presentational failure was linked with higher levels of trait perfectionism, perfectionistic self-presentation, depression, and social anxiety. Additional analyses indicated that scores on this new measure predict unique variance in depression beyond the variance attributable to perfectionistic self-presentation and self-presentation failure mediates the link between perfectionistic self-presentation and depression. Conclusion and Implications: Many perfectionistic self-presenters are highly aware and troubled by previous times in which their mistakes, faults, failures, and imperfections have been on display and they see themselves as failures at perfectionistic selfpresentation. These results underscore the negative self-views of people who need to seem perfect and how these views extend to seeing oneself as unable to seem perfect. The findings are discussed in terms of their implications for conceptual advances and the assessment and treatment of perfectionistic self-presentation and other debilitating forms of perfectionism. |
| Pages: 58-79 |
| Authors: Gordon L. Flett, Taryn Nepon, & Paul L. Hewitt |
| File: Flett et al. |
| DOI: https://doi.org/10.54127/UAIS8578 |
| Title: Stress, Coping and Job Satisfaction in UK Academics During the COVID-19 Pandemic |
| Volume: 6 |
| Issue: 2 |
| Abstract: Objectives. The occurrence of work-related stress is high among UK academics. This is associated with increased risk of ill-health, reduced productivity, and lower job satisfaction. These might have been exacerbated by the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Social support and coping strategies have the potential to ameliorate the impact of stress but have been less explored in academics; these were explored in a cross-sectional study. Methods. Fifty academic staff were recruited via links posted on social media and through snowballing sample technique. The survey included key demographics such as age, gender, relationship status, educational attainment, known to have relationship with work-related stress. Other measures include perceived stress, social support, coping strategies and job satisfaction. Results. Moderate stress was found in UK academics. Greater impact of COVID-19 and greater use of avoidance coping were significant predictors of higher stress. Conclusion. Encouraging the use of adaptive coping strategies such as problem solving, through staff training could help to reduce stress. Future longitudinal research should examine stress and coping in academics, establishing causation, while accounting for confounders such as contract type, teaching hours, and class sizes. Stress-management interventions should account for pandemic-related stressors including high workload and isolation, as academics continue to engage in hybrid/remote working. Implication. It is important that universities put in place support systems to reduce the level of stress in academics. This could be through training and education in the use of adaptive coping strategies, such as planning and problem solving as well as support from co-workers and management; which are associated with positive psychological wellbeing. |
| Pages: 80-102 |
| Keywords: Work, Stress, Job Satisfaction, COVID-19. |
| Authors: Oluseyi F. Jimoh, Ann Kirkman, Yasuhiro Kotera, & Elaina Taylor |
| File: Jimoh et al |
| DOI: https://doi.org/10.54127/QKMT7457 |
| Title: Psychiatric Comorbidity and Synthetic Cannabinoid (Spice) Abuse Syndrome |
| Volume: 6 |
| Issue: 2 |
| Abstract: The clinical presentation of psychiatric comorbidity in substance use disorders resulting from the consumption of synthetic cannabinoids (Spice) differs from the traditional pattern of cannabinoid use. This divergence can potentially lead to diagnostic errors by psychiatrists. Aim: to describe the psychiatric comorbidity of substance use disorders due to the use of synthetic cannabinoids (Spice). Research Methods: clinical-psychopathological, psychometric (SANS, CGI, MMPI), follow-up, statistical. Results: 291 men were included in this study. The authors differentiated synthetic cannabinoid use-related conditions, personality disorders, negative and psycho-positive pathological symptoms of schizophrenia in synthetic cannabinoids users. The paper also describes options for pharmacotherapy and rehabilitation. Conclusion: Intoxication resulting from synthetic cannabinoids can trigger psychotic episodes according to endogenous schizophreniform type and potentially initiate schizophrenia. The misuse of synthetic cannabinoids can lead to the development of various types of narcotic intoxication, including delirious, schizophrenic, pseudohallucinatory, and delirious states. Individuals dependent on synthetic cannabinoids tend to exhibit personality traits characterized by a mix of antisocial, schizoid, and paranoid tendencies. Prolonged abuse of synthetic cannabinoids can lead to symptoms of schizophrenia among users. In comparison to typical drug addicts, individuals with personality disorders and synthetic cannabinoid dependence exhibit distinct behavioral patterns, such as disorganization, conflict, unpredictability, impulsivity, thoughtlessness in actions, and non-conformity. These traits may contribute to difficulties in social adaptation and pose a risk to society. Stigmatizing signs of endogenous mental disorders are often observed in schizophrenic patients who regularly use drugs. These signs may include mild apathy (abulia) and the “hood” catatonic symptom. Notably, schizophrenic patients who use drugs may exhibit paradoxical and expressive emotions, maintain visual and speech contact, seek interpersonal relationships, and experience anxiety and anticipation. Treatment for exogenous psychoses typically involves combinations of typical antipsychotic medications and tranquilizers. Negative symptoms may necessitate a combination of typical and atypical antipsychotics, along with efforts to integrate patients into socially acceptable groups for individuals with addictive behavior. |
| Pages: 103-124 |
| Keywords: comorbidity, schizophrenia, personality disorders synthetic cannabinoids, SANS, CGI, MMPI. |
| Authors: Bokhan N.A. & Selivanov G. Yu. |
| File: Bokhan & Selivanov |
| DOI: https://doi.org/10.54127/FDAE6631 |